Effect of Community Factors on Primary School Learners’ Achievement in Rural Bangladesh
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56059/jl4d.v2i1.42Keywords:
community, learners' achievement, human capital, social capitalAbstract
The community has important roles to play in child education. This research has identified the community factors that affect the learners’. The research uses case studies. Qualitative data were captured by semi-structured interviews. Data interpretation was underpinned by concepts derived from human capital and social capital theories. The research identified six factors which are: financial position, environment, educational status, communication and support given to schools, community child care, as well as unity and cooperation among community people which affect learner’s achievement (i.e. Quality of Education). The research also suggests that the notion of “rural community roles” would tend to be thought of as “doing something for the children”. There is also an ecological balance in the relations between the community and school. The research suggests that the human capital and social capital of the community and children reinforce each other in a reproductive loop. That means the human and social capital of family and community play a role in the creation of the human and social capitals of the children (quality education), and vice-versa. These observations on education quality add a new horizon to the knowledge base of primary education, and one that may contribute to policy-making and facilitate further research.
References
Achola, P. P. W., & Pillai, V. K. (2000). Challenges of primary education in developing countries : insights from Kenya. Aldershot: Ashgate.
Ahmed, A. U. (2004). Impact of feeding children in school: Evidence from Bangladesh. Washinton, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute.
Ahmed, M., Ahmed, K. S., Khan, N. I., & Ahmed, R. (2007). Access to education in Bangladesh: Country analytic review of primary and secondary education. Dhaka: BRAC University Institute of Educational Development (BU-IED).
Ahmed, M., Nath, S. R., Hossain, A., Kabir, M. M., Kalam, M. A., M.Shajamal, M., et al. (2005). Quality with Equity: the primary education agenda. Dhaka: Campain for Popular Education (CAMPE), Bangladesh.
Aronson, J. Z. (1996). How schools can recruit hard-to-reach parents. Educational Leadership, 53(7), 58-60.
Auerbach, C. F., & Silverstein, L. B. (2003). Qualitative data : an introduction to coding and analysis. New York: New York University Press.
Beveridge, S. (2005). Children, families and schools : developing partnerships for inclusive education. London: RoutledgeFalmer.
Bojuwoye, O. (2009). Home-school partnership–a study of opinions of selected parents and teachers in Kwazulu Natal Province, South Africa. Research Papers in Education, 24(4), 461-475.
Carron, G., & Chau, T. N. (1996). The quality of primary schools in different development contexts. Paris: UNESCO Publishing : International Institute for Educational Planning.
CDRB. (2004). A study on the status of Public and Private Schools in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Education Journal, 2(2).
Chowdhury, A. M. R., Choudhury, R. K., Nath, S. R., Ahmed, M., & Alam, M. (Eds.). (2001). A Question of Quality: state of primary education in Bangladesh (Vol. 1). Dhaka: The Unversity Press Limited.
Chowdhury, M., Haq, M. N., & Ahmed, Z. (1997). Quality of primary education in Bangladesh. Perspectives in Education, 13(4).
Christenson, S. L., Rounds, T., & Gorney, D. (1992). Family Factors and Student Achievement: An Avenue to Increase Students’ Success. School Psychology Quarterly, 7(3), 178-206.
Cummings, W. K., & Dall, F. P. (1995). Implementing quality primary education for countries in transition: United Nations Children's Fund, Amman Middle East North Africa Regional Office.
Engin-Demir, C. (2009). Factors influencing the academic achievement of the Turkish urban poor. International Journal of Educational Development, 29(1), 17-29.
Epstein, J., & Connors, L. (1995). School and family partnerships in the middle grades. Creating school/family partnerships, 137-166.
Epstein, J. L. (2001). School, family, and community partnerships : preparing educators and improving schools. Boulder, Colo. ; Oxford :: Westview Press.
GOB. (2002). Final Plan: second primary education development programme II of Bangladesh.
Haq, M. N., Ehsan, A., & Jabbar, A. (2004). Assessing quality of primary education in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Education Journal, 3(1).
IBRD/WB. (2006). World development report 2007 Washington, D.C. : World Bank ; Oxford University Press.
IRBD/WB. (2006). World Development Report 2007. Washington D.C.: World Bank.
Latif, S. (2004). Improvements in the quality of primary education in Bangladesh 1990-2002. Unpublished background paper for EFA Global Monitoring Report 2005. UNESCO.
Lockheed, M. E., & Verspoor, A. (1990). Improving primary education in developing countries : review of policy options. Washington, D.C.: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank.
Majumder, B. A. (2006, 17 January ). MDGs: thoughts on ways to achieve them. The Daily Star.
Marshall, C., & Rossman, G. B. (2006). Designing qualitative research (4th ed. ed.). Thousands Oaks, Calif. : Sage Publications.
MOE. (2004). National Education Commission 2003 (Commission Report). Dhaka: Ministry of Education, the Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh.
MOPME. (2003). Education for All: National Plan of Action II, Bangladesh.
MOPME. (2007). Final assessment report: national assessment of pupils of grades 3 and 5, 2006. Dhaka: Directorate of Primary Education, the Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh.
Psacharopoulos, G., & Woodhall, M. (1985). Education for developmnt: an analysis of investment choices. Washington: The World Bank, Oxford Unversity press.
Rahamn, H. Z., & Ali, K. S. (2004). Quest for quality primary education: where are the entry points? Bangladesh Education Journal, 3(2).
Sanders, M. (2001). The role of community in comprehensive school, family and community partnership programs. The Elementary School Journal, 102(1), 19-34.
UNESCO. (2006). EFA Global Monitoring Report 2007: Strong Foundations-early childhood care and education: UNESCO.
UNESCO. (2007). Education for all by 2015 : will we make it? Paris: UNESCO Publishing ; Oxford University Press.
UNESCO. (2010). EFA Global Monitoring Repoty 2010: Education for All. Paris: UNESCO.
Verspoor, A. M. (Ed.). (2005). The Challenge of Learning: Improving the quality of Basic Education in Sub-Saharan Africa. Paris: Association for the Development of Education in Africa.
Wolfendale, S., & Bastiani, J. (2000). The Contribution of parents to school effectiveness. London: David Fulton Publishers.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Accepted 2014-12-01
Published 2015-03-20
Contents of the 
